BY STAN SUDOL
After last week's spectacular news announcements - almost one
per day - I thought Inco's public relations department would
have taken a much needed breather. Management had other plans,
like negotiating the largest corporate takeover in Canadian
history and creating the world's fourth largest mining company.
Monday's announcement of American copper miner Phelps
Dodge's friendly takeover of Inco and Falconbridge may finally
be the end of one of Canada's longest running corporate soap
operas.
It is definitely the end of an era of Canadian control over
some of the world's richest nickel deposits.
The three-way merger will see the creation of a $56 billion
North American mining giant with head offices in Phoenix,
Arizona. The new company's nickel division will be in Toronto,
while Phoenix is the home base for the copper division.
I can't help feel a little sad that a total Canadian
solution could not have happened as Inco and
Falconbridge/Noranda have long corporate histories with this
country.
Obviously, being Sudbury born and having worked at Inco for
a year in 1976 and again as an underground summer student in
1980, I have a personal link.
Considering Canada's mining expertise - one of the few
sectors in which we excel over the Americans - it's a little
ironic the only world-class U.S. mining company, aside from
Newmont Mining, ends up swallowing two of our mining
heavyweights.
However, in today's global, rapidly-changing mining sector,
Canadian companies are able to operate around the globe and we
could not put up barriers in our own country.
To be quite honest a North American solution is not a bad
second choice.
We should not forget it was American entrepreneurs and
capital that originally developed the immensely rich deposits
of the Sudbury Basin, discovered in the 1880s.
The American military/industrial complex has always depended
on the Basin's secure, stable and abundant supply of nickel.
During the nickel shortages of the 1950s, the U.S.
government gave Falconbridge a $40 million subsidy to help
develop their nickel mines and ensure diversity of supply.
Please don't confuse my sadness with "anti-Americanism."
Canada's prosperity and high standard of living are directly
linked to the largest and richest market in the history of
mankind. Notwithstanding the rapid growth of China and India,
the U.S. will continue to be a military and industrial
powerhouse well into this century and the next.
Until the late 1970s most of the main corporate decisions at
Inco were made out of their New York head office.
There are many pluses to being among the world's largest
mining companies - one of the most significant is having easier
access to capital for expansion.
In the news release, J. Steven Whisler, chair and CEO of Phelps Dodge Corporation, said:  "This transaction represents a unique opportunity in a rapidly consolidating industry to create a global leader based in North America-home of the world's deepest and most liquid capital markets.
"The combined company has one of the industry's most exciting
portfolios of development projects, and the scale and
management expertise to pursue their development successfully."
One of the key points is this deal combines some high-quality, long-life assets in regions of no geopolitical risk, such as the Sudbury Basin, and the rich copper producing areas of southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico.
Both regions are among the top 10 most important mineral
districts in the world.
Nationalist sentiment or new mining taxes in Equator, Peru,
Bolivia, Mongolia and Venezuela have unnerved mining executives
around the globe.
Stable North American mining districts with great growth
potential will attract significant new investment.
The combined financial clout of Phelps Dodge Inco, the
largest North American mining company, will accelerate this
process and assure a promising future for Sudbury in this
mineral-starved world.
Phelps Dodge began in 1834 as a New York City-based mercantile
company taking its name from founding partners Anson Phelps and
William Dodge. They entered the mining business in 1881 by
investing in a copper operation in Morenci, Arizona. The
company was an integral part of the American "wild west" and
developed copper deposits in New Mexico, Arizona and Mexico.
Phelps Dodge has major copper deposits in Chile and Peru and
is the largest publicly traded copper producer in the world.
Head office is in Phoenix, Arizona, and the company employs
13,500 people worldwide.
The company is a major producer of refined copper products
including wire and cable and molybdenum, primarily used for
hardening steel and making other specialty industrial alloys.
The new Phelps Dodge Inco will be the globe's largest
producer of nickel, the largest publicly traded producer of
copper, the second largest producer of molybdenum and third
largest producer of cobalt.
Scott M. Hand, chairman and chief executive officer of Inco,
said  "this combination allows Inco's shareholders, in
addition to receiving a substantial premium for their stock, to
share in the significant synergies."
The combination of Phelps Dodge, Inco and Falconbridge is
expected to result in total annual synergies of approximately
$900 million (US) by 2008.
This includes $550 million (US) in total expected annual synergies from the combination of Inco and Falconbridge.
Phelps Dodge enhances these synergies with its technological
expertise that can be applied to improve process recoveries and
throughput in Sudbury and elsewhere.
The company's larger size will also enhance savings in
purchasing and supply-chain management. This takeover deal is
not conditional upon the completion of the Inco and
Falconbridge merger.
The Phelps Dodge offer for the combined Inco/Falconbridge is
valued at C$80.13 per share, 19 percent more than
Teck-Cominco's offer for Inco. The agreement also enables Inco
to enhance its offer for Falconbridge to C$62.11 per share, an
18 percent premium to Xstrata's unsolicited offer for
Falconbridge.
At these numbers, any other potential bidder must have very
deep pockets and think long and hard about topping these
premium prices. Mining is still a cyclical business!
There can be no doubt the fat lady may have sung her final verse and the Canadian mining industry has fundamentally changed forever.
 Stan Sudol is a Toronto-based communications consultant who writes extensively on mining issues.[email protected]
